Desarrollo y análisis de sensores inalámbricos y sistemas asociados de IoT

Abstract

The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology has become increasingly important in recent years. By offering a means of linking devices and establishing real-time connections, IoT has facilitated the monitoring and management of tangible entities, such as appliances, vehicles, and buildings. Typically, an IoT system consists of numerous devices that communicate with one another via gateways, and cloud servers that host web and mobile applications. The end-users can seamlessly interact with their IoT devices, thereby granting greater accessibility and convenience. Given its capacity for providing real-time control and automation, IoT presents numerous opportunities for cost savings and increased efficiency across various sectors, including healthcare, manufacturing, and transportation. As such, IoT has the potential to improve our lives and create new prospects for businesses, making it an essential technology for the future. However, as IoT applications continue to become increasingly complex and diverse, there is an growing demand for sensors capable of accurately and reliably collecting highly specific data and transmitting it to other devices within the network. Additionally, the IoT landscape is constantly evolving, with new technologies emerging at a rapid pace. Therefore, to effectively address the need for highly specialized and customized IoT solutions, it is necessary to study and analyze the communication technologies employed, and remain up-to-date with the latest developments in order to ensure effective design, implementation, and management of these applications. Furthermore, developing new sensors from scratch can offer a solution to this problem by optimizing the design for specific use cases, thereby achieving optimal performance and functionality in IoT systems. By developing a sensor from scratch, greater control can be exercised over the hardware and software, thereby allowing for greater flexibility. This thesis presents a systematic analysis of IoT systems in terms of communication, power consumption, and security. The study analyzed the communication technologies used in IoT systems, including short-range systems based on protocols such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, as well as long-range systems based on technologies like LoRa. The thesis includes the development of new sensors from scratch for specific applications, enabling greater control over the hardware and software. Additionally, the thesis addresses the security risks associated with cloud-centric IoT systems by incorporating blockchain technology, which provides a decentralized database infrastructure, thereby adding an extra layer of security. These studies help to better understand IoT systems and optimize their deployment, resulting in improved performance and functionality, and offers valuable insights into the design, implementation, and management of IoT systems for researchers, industry practitioners, and stakeholders.