Estrategias para el desarrollo de un nuevo producto cárnico fermentado de cerdo ibérico con compuestos nitrogenados bioactivos mediante la inoculación de microorganismos seleccionados y la enzima EPg222

Resumo

The purpose of this work was to investigate the influence of autochthonous starters cultures and the protease EPg222 on the generation of antihipertensive, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimicrobial nitrogen compounds during the ripening of Iberian dry-fermented sausages. Starters P200S34 (P.acidilactici M200 and S.vitulus RS34) and P198S34 (P.acidilactici MS198 and S.vitulus RS34), and the purified protease EPg222, separately or in combination with the starter culture P200S34 were used to make Iberian dry-fermented sausages “salchichón” and “chorizo”. Nitrogen compounds smaller than 5 kDa were extracted on different days during the ripening process. Antihypertensive activity was determined measuring the inhibition of the angiotensin-I-converting enzyme. The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay was employed to evaluate the antioxidant potential. It was tested antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella cholerasuis, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes, and the antiproliferative activity on growth of Caco-2 colon adenocarcinoma cell line. These activities were studied before and after simulated gastrointestinal digestion in vitro and correlated with the most relevant compounds detected by HPLC-ESI-MS in the final ripened extracts. The activities were highest in batches with the enzyme EPg222 and the starter culture P200S34, both together and separately. In adittion, these activities were stable after in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Antioxidant activity was associated with endogenous compounds of meat (carnosine, anserine) and others from proteolysis (lysine, methionine, tyramine). ACE inhibitory activity was related to nitrogen compounds called P4, P5 and P7. The antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities were not associated with any of the major compounds.