Análisis de los impactos socioeconómicos de las energías eólica y solar fotovoltaica en Europa

Résumé

Many articles in the specialised economic press have debated about the socio-economic impacts related to renewable energies. The aim of this paper is to quantify some of the main socio-economic impacts attributed to the deployment of wind and photovoltaic technologies in the European Member States during a six-year period (2008-2013). This research considers the costs of supporting electricity from both technologies and some benefits of so doing. The economic benefits in terms of CO2 emissions reductions and fossil fuels substitution are calculated with a robust methodology, based on an internationally validated tool. The effects on employment have been calculated by means of an innovative methodology, which considers the existing industry structure of each Member State and the learning curves. The main contribution of this PhD is the design of both methodologies which are simple, based on public data and easily replicable. The results obtained are similar to the conclusions from the existing literature, validating both methodologies. They can provide a useful input for future policies