PEN, Modelo de los Cinco Factores y Problemas de Conducta en la Adolescencia

  1. Abella García, Víctor
  2. Bárcena Calvo, Carmen
Journal:
Acción psicológica

ISSN: 1578-908X

Year of publication: 2014

Issue Title: Homenaje al profesor Dionisio Manga Rodríguez: contribuciones al desarrollo de la neuropsicología del siglo XX y XXI

Volume: 11

Issue: 1

Pages: 55-68

Type: Article

DOI: 10.5944/AP.11.1.13867 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

More publications in: Acción psicológica

Abstract

Personality implication in problem behaviour during adolescence was investigated in this study. The sample was made up of 264 adolescents, 145 males and 119 females, between, the ages 16 and18. The person-centred approach allowed us to ascertain four types of adolescents using a cluster analysis based on six scores of problem behaviour. The problems were highest in the most disruptive type, at the same time the most resilient type did not show any problem behaviour whatsoever. The four types show different personality profiles. The variable-centred approach showed, using a regression analysis, that Neuroticism and Extraversion (Eysenck�s model) and Neuroticism, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness (Five Factor Model) were the main predictors of problem behaviour. The results suggest that personal characteristics are shown as effective factors in order to understand and to prevent the appearance of antisocial behaviours in schools.

Bibliographic References

  • Abella, V., Barrio, S. y Manga, D. (2006). Asociación entre problemas de conducta y características de personalidad en la adolescencia temprana [Association between problem behavior and per-sonality characteristics in early adolescence]. En F. Bacáicoa Ganuza, J. D. Uriarte y A. Amez (Coords.), Psicología del desarrollo y desarrollo social (pp. 141-170). Badajoz, España: PSI-COEX.
  • Adams, Ch. D., Kelley, M. L. y McCarthy, M. (1997). The Adolescent Behavior Checklist: Develop-ment and initial psychometric properties of a self-report measure for adolescents with ADHD. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 26(1), 77-86. doi: 10.1207/s15374424jccp2601_8
  • Asendorpf, J. B., Borkenau, P., Ostendorf, F. y Van Aken, M. A. G. (2001). Carving personality de-scription at its joints: Confirmation of three rep-licable personality prototypes for both children and adults. European Journal of Personality, 15, 169-198. doi: 10.1002/per.408
  • Barbaranelli, C., Caprara, C. V., Rabasca, A. y Pastorelli, C. (2003). A questionnaire for mea-suring the Big Five in late childhood. Personal-ity and Individual Differences, 34(4), 645-664. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00051-X.
  • Belsky, J. y Pluess, M. (2012). Differential suscep-tibility to long-term effects of quality of child care on externalizing behavior in adolescence? International Journal of Behavioral Development, 36(1), 2-10. doi:10.1177/0165025411406855.
  • Center, D. B., Jackson, N. y Kemp, D. (2005). A test of Eysenck ́s antisocial behavior hypote-sis employing 11-15-year-old students dichoto-mous for PEN and L. Personality and Indi-vidual Differences, 38(2), 395-402. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2004.04.017.
  • Costa, P. T. y McCrae, R. R. (1999). NEO PI-R, In-ventario de Personalidad NEO revisado [NEO PI-R, revised NEO, Personality Inventory]. Manual. Madrid, España: TEA.
  • De Leo, J. A. y Wulfert, E. (en prensa). Problematic internet use and other risky behaviors in college students: An application of problem-behav-ior theory. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. doi:10.1037/a0030823.
  • Eysenck, H. J. y Gudjonsson, G. H. (1989). The causes and cures of criminality. Nueva York: Plenum Press.Eysenck, H. J. y Eysenck, M. W. (1987). Person-alidad y diferencias individuales [Personal-ity and individual differences]. Madrid, España: Pirámide.
  • Eysenck, H. J. y Eysenck, S. B. G. (1997). EPQ-RS. Cuestionario revisado de personalidad de Eysenck[Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ-R) and Short Scale (EPQ-RS)]. Madrid, España: TEA.
  • Fernández-Molina, M., del Valle, J., Fuentes, M. J., Bernedo, I, M y Bravo, A. (2011). Problemas de conducta de los adolescentes en acogimiento preadoptivo, residencial y con familia extensa [Behavioural problems in adolescents who are in adoption, residential care, and grandparent fostering]. Psicothema, 23(1), 1-6.
  • Furnham, A. y Thompson, J. (1991). Personality and self-reported delinquency: a longitudinal analy-sis. Personality and Individual Differences, 12(6), 585-593. doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(91)90255-A.
  • Graziano, W. G. y Ward, D. (1992). Probing the Big Five in adolescence: personality and ad-justment during a developmental transi-tion. Journal of Personality, 60(2), 425-439. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1992.tb00979.x.
  • Hale, W. W., Klimstra, T. A. y Meeus, W. H. J. (2010). Is the generalized anxiety disorder symptom of worry just another form of neuroti-cism? A five-year longitudinal study of adoles-cents from the general population. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 71(7), 942–948. doi:10.4088/JCP.09m05506blu.
  • Heaven, P. C. L. (1996a). Personality and self-reported delinquency: a longitudinal analy-sis. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychi-atry and Allied Disciplines, 37(6), 747-751. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01467.x.
  • Heaven, P. C. L. (1996b). Personality and self-reported delinquency: analysis of the ‘’Big Five’’ personality dimensions. Personality and Individ-ual Differences, 20(1), 47-54. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(95)00136-T.
  • Heaven, P. C. L., Newbury, K. y Wilson V. (2004). The Eysenck Psichoticism dimension and delin-quent behaviours among non-criminals: chang-es across lifespan? Personality and Individual Differences, 36(8), 1817-1825. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2003.07.003.
  • Heaven, P. C. L. y Virgen, M. (2001). Personal-ity, perceptions of family and peer influences and males’ self-reported delinquency. Personal-ity and Individual Differences, 30(2), 321-331. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00049-0.
  • Hinduja, S. y Patchin, J. W. (2013). Social influ-ences on cyberbullying behaviors among mid-dle and high school students, 42(5), 711-722. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. doi: 10.1007/s10964-012-9902-4.
  • John, O. P., Caspi, A., Robins, R. W., Moffitt, T. E. y Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1994). The «Little Five»: exploring the nomological network of the Five-Factor Model of personality in adoles-cent boys. Child Development, 65(1), 160-178. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00742.x.
  • Jones, S. E., Miller, J. D. y Lynam, D. R. (2011). Personality antisocial behaviour, and aggres-sion: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Crimi-nal Justice, 39(4), 329-337. doi:10.1016/j.jcrim-jus.2011.03.004.
  • Kemp, D. E. y Center, D. B. (2003). An investigation of Eysenck ́s Antisocial Behavior Hypotesis in general education students and students with behavior disorders. Personality and Individu-al Differences, 35(6), 1359-1371. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00355-0
  • Klimstra, T. A., Akse, J., Hale, W. W., Raaijmakers, Q. A. W. y Meeus W. H. J. (2010). Longitudinal associations between personality traits and problem behaviour symptoms in adolescence. Journal of Research in Personality, 44(2), 273-284. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2010.02.004.
  • Klimstra, T. A., Crocetti, E., Hale, W. W., Fermani, A. y Meeus. W. H. J. (2011). Big Five personality dimensions in Italian and Dutch adolescents: A cross-cultural comparison of mean-levels, sex differences, and associations with internalizing symptoms. Journal of Research in Personality, 45(3), 285-296. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2011.03.002.
  • López-Romero, L., Romero, E. y Luengo, M. A. (2011). La personalidad psicopática como in-dicador distintivo de severidad y persistencia en los problemas de conducta infanto-juveniles [Psychopathic personality as a distinctive indi-cator of severity and persistence for child and youth conduct problems.]. Psicothema, 23(4), 660-665.
  • López, O., Honrubia, M. L. y Freixa, M. (2012). Adaptación española del «Mobile Phone Prob-lem Use Scale» para población adolescente [Spanish adaptation of the «Mobile Phone Prob-lem Use Scale» for adolescent population]. Adic-ciones, 24(2), 123-130.
  • Lynam, D. R., Leukefeld, C. y Klayton, R. R. (2003). The contribution of personality to the overlap between antisocial behavior and substance use/misuse. Aggressive Behavior, 29(4), 316-331. doi:10.1002/ab.10073.
  • McCrae, R. R., Costa, P. T., Terracciano, A., Parker, W. D., Mills, C. J., De Fruyt, F. y Mervielde, I. (2002). Personality trait development from age 12 to age 18: Longitudinal, cross-sectional and cross-cultural analyses. Journal of Personal-ity and Social Psychology, 83(6), 1456-1468. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.83.6.1456.
  • Miller, J. D. y Lynam, D. (2001). Structural models of personality and their relation to antisocial behavior: A meta-analytical review. Criminology,39(4), 765-798. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2001.tb00940.x.
  • Miller, J. D., Lynam, D. y Jones, S. (2008). Exter-nalizing behavior through the lens of the Five Factor-model: A focus on agreeableness and con-scientiousness. Journal of Personality Assessment, 90(2), 158-164. doi:10.1080/00223890701845245.
  • Miller, J. D., Lynam, D. y Leukefeld, C. (2003). Ex-amining antisocial behavior through the lens of the Five Factor Model of Personality. Aggressive Behavior, 29(6), 497-514. doi:10.1002/ab.10064.
  • Morizot, J. y LeBlanc, M. (2003). Continuity and change in personality traits from adolescence to midlife; a 25-year longitudinal study comparing representative and adjudicated men. Journal of Personality, 71(5), 706-775. doi: 10.1111/1467-6494.710500d.
  • Mottus, R., Guljajev, J., Allik, J., Laidra, K. y Pull-mann, H. (2012). Longitudinal associations of cognitive ability, personality traits and school grades with antisocial behaviour. European Journal of Personality, 26(1), 56-62. doi:10.1002/per.820.
  • Roberts, J. A. y Pirog, S. F. (2013). A preliminary investigation of materialism and impulsiveness as predictors of technological addictions among young adults. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 2(1), 56-62. doi:10.1556/JBA.1.2012.011.
  • Romero, E., Luengo, M. A. y Sobral, J. (2001). Personality and antisocial behaviour: study of temperamental dimensions. Personality and In-dividual Differences, 31(3), 329-348. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00139-2.
  • Roth, M. (2002). Evaluation of the applicability of the NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI German version) to adolescents aged 14 to 16. Diagnostica. 48(2), 59-67. doi:10.1026//0012-1924.48.2.59.
  • Sampson, R. J. y Laub, J. (1990). Crime in the mak-ing. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Shek, D. T. L., Ma, C. M. S. y Tang, C. Y. P. (2012). Delinquency and problem behavior intention among early adolescents in Hong Kong: pro-files and psychosocial correlates. International Journal on Disability and Human Development, 11(2), 151-158. doi:10.1515/ijdhd-2012-0017.
  • Sneed, C. D., Gullone, E. y Moore, S. (2002). Reli-ability and factor structure of the NEO-Five-Factor Inventory for Australian adolescents. Behaviour Change, 19(2), 121-126. doi:10.1375/bech.19.2.121.
  • Van Aken, M. A. G., van Lieshout, C. F. M. y Scholte, R. H. J. (1998). The social relationships and adjustment of the various personality types and subtypes. Trabajo presentado en el VIIth bien-nial meeting of the Society of Research on ado-lescence. San Diego: California.
  • Van Dam, C., De Bruyn, E. E. J. y Janssens, J. M. A. M. (2007). Personality, delinquency, and criminal recidivism. Adolescence, 42(1), 763-777. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2004.06.016
  • Van den Akker, A. L., Deković, M., Asscher, J. J., Shiner, R. L. y Prinzie, P. (2012). Personal-ity Types in Childhood: Relations to Latent Trajectory Classes of Problem Behavior and Overreactive Parenting Across the Transition Into Adolescence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 104(4), 750-764. doi:10.1037/a0031184.