Análisis biomecánico del efecto de las zapatillas de clavos en el rendimiento del esprint en hombres velocistas

  1. Pedro Corbí-Santamaría 1
  2. Adrián Jiménez-Velayos 1
  3. Miguel Corbí-Santamaría 2
  4. Juan García-López 1
  1. 1 Universidad de León
    info

    Universidad de León

    León, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02tzt0b78

  2. 2 Universidad de Burgos
    info

    Universidad de Burgos

    Burgos, España

    ROR https://ror.org/049da5t36

Journal:
RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte

ISSN: 1885-3137

Year of publication: 2018

Volume: 14

Issue: 53

Pages: 243-255

Type: Article

DOI: 10.5232/RICYDE2018.05305 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

More publications in: RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to quantify the effect of the use of spikes on sprint performance in male athletes, separating between both cleats and mass effects; additionally, the influence of the footwear on biomechanical parameters of running was analyzed. Nine male regional-national sprint athletes (i.e., 100, 200 and 400 m distances) participated in this study, they performed three 40 m sprints in a randomized order (i.e., spikes, running shoes and massadded spikes). Performance improved 2,6% with spikes with respect to running shoes, where 1,7% was due to the cleats and 0,9% was due to the mass. When analyzing the biomechanical variables, it was observed that the speed increased because both step rate and step length also increased. Step length increased and the contact time decreased due to a combined effect of the cleats and the mass. In conclusion, the sprint performance improved when using spikes with respect to running shoes, two third of the improvement was due to the cleats, and the rest to the shoe’s mass.

Bibliographic References

  • García-López, J.; Morante, J. C.; Ogueta-Alday, A. C.; González-Lázaro, J.; Rodríguez Marroyo, J. A., & Villa, G. (2012). El uso de fotocélulas de haz simple y doble para medir la velocidad en carreras. RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte, 8(30), 324-333. https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2012.03003
  • Jiménez, A. (2016). Análisis biomecánico del efecto de las zapatillas de clavos de velocidad en el rendimiento. [Trabajo final de grado]. Universidad de León. https://buleria.unileon.es/handle/10612/5657
  • Jiménez-Velayos, A., & García-López, J. (2017). Análisis de la influencia de las zapatillas de clavos en el rendimiento de una prueba de 40 m en mujeres velocistas. RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte, 49(13), 273-284. https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2017.04906
  • Logan, S.; Hunter, I.; Hopkins, J. T.; Feland, J. B., & Parcell, A. C. (2010). Ground reaction force differences between running shoes, racing flats, and distance spikes in runners. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 9(1), 147-153. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3737977/
  • Majumdar, A., & Robergs, R. (2011). The science of speed: Determinants of performance in the 100m sprint. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 6(3), 479494. https://doi.org/0.1260/1747-9541.6.3.479
  • Mero, A.; Komi, P. V., & Gregor, R. J. (1992). Biomechanics of sprint running. A review. Sports Medicine, 13(6), 376-392.
  • Mohr, M.; Trudeau, M. B.; Nigg, S. R., & Nigg, B. M. (2016). Increased Athletic Performance in Lighter Basketball Shoes: Shoe or Psychology Effect? International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 11(1), 74-79. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25946305
  • Ogueta-Alday, A. (2014). Adaptación, validación y aplicación de una nueva tecnología para valorar la biomecánica de la carrera de resistencia. [Tesis doctoral]. Universidad de León. https://buleria.unileon.es/handle/10612/3923
  • Ogueta-Alday, A., & García-López, J. (2016). Factores que afectan al rendimiento en carreras de fondo. RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte, 45(12), 278-308. http://dx.doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2016.04505
  • Smith, G., Lake, M., & Lees, A. (2014). Metatarsophalangeal joint function during sprinting: A comparison of barefoot and sprint spike shod foot conditions. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 30(2), 206-212.
  • Stefanyshyn, D., & Fusco, C. (2004). Increased shoe bending stiffness increases sprint performance. Sports Biomechanics, 3(1), 55-66.
  • Theophilos, P.; Nikolaos, M.; Kiriakos, A.; Athanasia, S.; Michail, P., & Spiros, K. (2014). Evaluation of sprinting performance in adolescent athletes with running shoes, spikes and barefoot. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 14(4), 593-598. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2014.04092
  • Toon, D.; Williams, B.; Hopkinson, N., & Caine, M. (2009). A comparison of barefoot and sprint spike conditions in sprinting. Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, 223(2), 77-87. https://doi.org/10.1243/17543371JSET21
  • Worobets, J., & Wannop, J. W. (2015). Influence of basketball shoe mass, outsole traction, and forefoot bending stiffness on three athletic movements. Sports Biomechanics, 14(3), 351-360.
  • Zingsem, C.; Gutiérrez-Dávila, M., & Rojas, F. J. (2014). Effect of the type of footwear on biomechanical parameters in the foot contact phase in middle-distance runners. European Journal of Human Movement, 20(33), 79-92.
Data source: Dialnet