Aplicación del Arqueomagnetismo para la distinción de ocupaciones neandertales en palimpsestos del Paleolítico Medioresultados preliminares de la unidad X de El Salt (Alcoy, Alicante)

1. Á. Herrejón Lagunilla ¹
2. Á. Carrancho ¹
3. J.J. Villalaín ¹
4. B. Galván ²
5. C.M. Hernández ²
6. C. Mallol ²

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Abstract

Middle Palaeolithic palimpsets are archaeological sites with high density of faunal and lithic remains, associated to overlapped and mixed combustion structures (hearths). That leads to a complex stratigraphy and makes the distinction of occupations very difficult. There are several Neanderthal sites in the Iberian peninsula that exhibit such typology and their dissection is problematic. Considering each hearth as a single analytical unit and based on the phenomenon of Secular Variation of the Earth’s magnetic field, we propose the Archaeomagnetism as a tool for the dissection of Middle Palaeolithic palimpsests. Assuming that each hearth might have recorded the direction of the Earth’s magnetic field during the last heating/cooling, we propose the possibility to identify diachronies among them by comparing their mean archaeomagnetic directions. We present a case study from El Salt Unit X [~55 ky BP] (Alcoy, Alicante). This is a Middle Palaeolithic site where evidences of Neanderthal presence were found. We analyzed three hearths (H34, H50 and H55) reporting preliminary results that show the potential and limits of the method.

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