Efecto del cloruro sódico en las propiedades mecánicas, módulos, ciclos hielo-deshielo y durabilidad de las mezclas bituminosa

Abstract

This doctoral thesis is a compilation of three articles focusing on the influence of salt (NaCl) on bituminous mixtures. In order to achieve this, different types of mixtures (AC-16 Surf D and PA-16), which are frequently used on surface pavements that can be influenced by salt, were evaluated; three salt treatments and three temperature interactions with the bituminous mixtures. The target of the first article was to find out the variation in the mechanical properties of mixtures such as aggregate-binder adhesiveness, mechanical strength, ravelling and plastic deformation. To do this, three types of bituminous mixtures were evaluated: a hot mix asphalt with conventional bitumen; and two porous mixtures, one manufactured with conventional binder and another with modified binder. The effect of the salt was analysed using three different methods: immersing the mixture in water with different concentrations of salt; adding salt as aggregate into the mixture; and submerging the aggregate in water with a certain concentration of salt, drying it and then manufacturing the bituminous mixture with it. The mechanical performance of the mixture was determined by the Indirect Tensile Strength Test (ITS), Water Sensibility Test (ITSR), Wheel Tracking Test and Cantabro Loss Particle Test. (DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.05.002) Due to the bituminous mixtures having viscoelasticplastic behavior, to know these properties plays a decisive role in characterizing these materials. The purpose of the second article was to discover these properties through the results of the Resilient Modulus Test, Dynamic Modulus Test and Fatigue Life Test when bituminous mixtures were influenced by the same three interactions of salt. (DOI: 10.3390/ma13092126) One of the main applications of salt in civil engineering is its use as a de-icing agent on roads in cold regions. Moreover, salt water can damage roads in coastal and port locations. The target of the third article was to find out the behavior of an asphalt concrete when it was subjected to temperature changes and freeze-thaw cycles. These temperature interactions were carried out for dry specimens, specimens submerged in distilled water and specimens submerged in salt water (NaCl). The behavior of the mixture was determined by the ITS, ITSR, Wheel Tracking Test, Dynamic Modulus Test and Fatigue Life Test. (DOI: 10.3390/app10041241)