Una mirada crítica a los modelos teóricos sobre educación STEAM integrada
ISSN: 1681-5653, 1022-6508
Year of publication: 2021
Volume: 87
Issue: 2
Pages: 13-33
Type: Article
More publications in: Revista Iberoamericana de Educación
Abstract
La sociedad cambia rápidamente pero el sistema educativo no está siguiendo un camino paralelo, generándose una urgente necesidad de renovación educativa. En este sentido, la educación integrada de ciencias, tecnología, ingeniería, artes y matemáticas (i-STEAM) representa un enfoque educativo en plena expansión, que se postula alineado con las necesidades educativas de la socie-dad; prueba de ello es el continuo incremento de publicaciones en esta línea de investigación. Existe una clara predominancia de estudios empíricos sobre este enfoque, mientras que su fundamentación teórica está menos desarrollada, lo que suscita un problema para definir su potencial educativo. En este estudio identificamos y revisamos los distintos modelos teóricos desarrollados para la i-STEAM publicados en revistas de alto impacto con el objetivo de realizar una reflexión crítica y de evaluar el alcance real de este enfoque. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que, si bien existen algunos trabajos que muestran aspectos teóricos relevantes, aún hay pocos con marcos teóricos que proporcionen una fundamentación robusta y holística (teniendo en cuenta aspectos epistemológicos, psicológicos y didácticos) para la i-STEAM. A la luz de estos resultados recalcamos la necesidad de seguir trabajando en el soporte teórico de este enfoque, que permita a los docentes implementarlo de manera efectiva.
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