IHE y calidad de vida: propuesta de actuación para estudiar los beneficios en el envejecimiento activo y saludable

  1. Miguel Corbí Santamaría
  2. Carmen Palmero Cámara
Revista:
International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology: INFAD. Revista de Psicología

ISSN: 0214-9877

Año de publicación: 2013

Título del ejemplar: Familia y educación: Aspectos positivos

Volumen: 1

Número: 2

Páginas: 259-269

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology: INFAD. Revista de Psicología

Resumen

Introducción. La exposición intermitente a hipoxia (IHE), una alternativa al entrenamiento en altura para atletas, puede contribuir a mejorar la calidad de vida de la población en general debido a las diferentes adaptaciones que se producen en el organismo. Sin embargo, todavía son pocos los estudios que utilizan esta técnica en poblaciones con mayor riesgo como las personas de edad avanzada, por ese motivo esta comunicación pretende proponer un protocolo inofensivo de IHE como un reto clínico que pueda ayudar a las personas a prevenir y mejorar su calidad de vida a medida que van envejeciendo. Método. Diez sujetos sanos, mujeres (18-21 años, residentes a nivel del mar) se someten a un protocolo de 4 semanas de IHE. Los sujetos fueron asignados al azar al grupo de hipoxia (GH) o al grupo de normoxia (GN). Cada semana, las 5 personas que conformaban el GH llevaron a cabo una sesión de 50 minutos con intervalos de hipoxia de 5 minutos (SatO2 = 80 ± 5) alternando intervalos de normoxia de 5 minutos. Se midieron los datos de serie roja y la concentración de O2 necesarios para desaturar hasta el valor de 80. Resultados. Ninguno de los datos acerca de la serie roja varió significativamente. La concentración de O2 necesaria para conseguir los valores de SatO2 establecidos durante las sesiones disminuyó notablemente a lo largo del protocolo (-9,2%). Conclusiones. El protocolo de duración utilizado no es lo suficientemente largo como para conseguir adaptaciones propias de la altura, ni para conseguir mejoras en la salud. Sin embargo, se ha mostrado suficiente para provocar adaptación aguda al estímulo de hipoxia, por lo que resulta un buen comienzo para incorporar a los estudios de IHE a personas con mayor edad y a otros grupos considerados de riesgo.

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