Diseño, aplicación y evaluación del servicio "Programa de educación sexual para mayores "SEXMA", Fase 2

Resum

Summary Introduction: The human being has two key components as determi- nants in well-being and health, and they are sexuality and affectivity. In the daily nursing consultations we can observe how the demand for sexual health problems, in people over 60, is increasing. The design, development and implementation of a sex education project in people over 60 can help increase the quality of sexual life, in this age group. This “SEXMA” project consists of two distinct phases. The first is the design and implementation of the sexual health education program-service in people over 60, a phase that as a pilot study was developed in a previous work. The second phase is the application and evaluation of the program service in the assigned target population. Finally, after the evaluation, a design and publication of objective and truthful information will be carried out in the CLASSROOM OF PATIENTS in Castilla y León (SACYL) aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles for the care of sexual health in the elderly. Objective: Apply and evaluate an effective programmed educational intervention project, based on the significant learning of a population over 60 years of age susceptible to an increase in the quality of sexual affective life, favoring the acquisition of knowledge, skills and abilities in sexual health. Methodology: It is carried out with a target population of 132 people over 60, from Valladolid, Aguilar de Campoo, Villadiego, Villahizan de Treviño and Vitoria in different Associations and Unions. Three didactic units are designed to achieve the specific objectives and thus check, later, the effectiveness of the program. Evaluation: Information is obtained with a self-developed test with sociodemographic data (age, sex, partner or not, cultural level) plus the ASKAS-28 (Aging Sexual Knowledge And Attitudes Scales) validated questionnaire before and after the intervention, measuring knowledge and change of sexual attitude, in order to evaluate the “result” of the intervention. During the development of the sessions, in order to analyze the “process”, direct observation has been applied by all professionals. Finally, a satisfaction test has been provided in order to evaluate the general opinion, the topics discussed, the proposed activities, the degree of involvement of both the participants and the educators and the degree of final adequacy. Results: We found a significant difference in the knowledge variable (p <0.01), and a change in the attitude of 76.68% is observed. The evaluated process has been adequate in assistance and adherence of the group. Sample satisfaction has been positive and very positive for 81% of the participants. Conclusions: This first evaluation of the “Sexma Project” with the 132 initial participants has been satisfactory, fulfilling the objectives of increasing knowledge and changing attitudes towards sexuality in the elderly, together with a good positive satisfaction towards the project. The study will be com- pleted in the near future, expanding the representative sample. A quasi-experimental study will be carried out, with a pre and posttest design with a control group with the aim of improving sexual knowledge and attitudes by people over 60, for a better quality of sex life.