Clase social, bienestar y afectividad general durante la pandemia de la COVID-19 en Iberoamérica
- Ginés Navarro - Carrillo 1
- Lander Méndez 2
- Huseyin Cakal 3
- Darío Páez 2
- José J. Pizarro 2
- Larraitz Zumeta 2
- Marcela Gracia - Leiva 2
- Silvia da Costa 2
- Nekane Basabe 2
- Saioa Telletxea 2
- Gisela Delfino 4
- Elza Techio 5
- Anderson Mathias 2
- Carolina Alzugaray - Ponce 6
- Loreto Villagrán 7
- Gonzalo Martínez - Zelaya 8
- Marian Bilbao 9
- Anna Wlodarczyk 10
- Wilson López - López 11
- Laura Alfaro - Beracoechea 12
- Manuel. L. Ibarra 13
- Catarina Carvalho 14
- Isabel. R. Pinto 14
- Emilio Moyano - Díaz 15
- Agustín Espinosa 16
- Rosa. M. Cueto 16
- Alle Autoren anzeigen +
- 1 Universidad de Jaén, España
- 2 Universidad del País Vasco, España
- 3 Universidad de Keele, Reino Unid
- 4 Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Argentina
- 5 Universidad Federal de Bahía, Brasil
- 6 Universidad Santo Tomás, Chile
- 7 Universidad de Concepción, Chile
- 8 Universidad Viña del Mar, Chile
- 9 Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Chile
- 10 Universidad Católica del Norte, Chile
- 11 Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
- 12 Universidad de Guadalajara, México
- 13 Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, México
- 14 Universidad de Oporto, Portugal
- 15 Universidad de Talca, Chile
-
16
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
info
ISSN: 1138-2635, 1989-3809
Datum der Publikation: 2021
Titel der Ausgabe: Impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la salud mental
Ausgabe: 14
Nummer: 2
Seiten: 84-95
Art: Artikel
Andere Publikationen in: Escritos de psicología
Zusammenfassung
La actual pandemia de la COVID-19 ha supuesto un marcado incremento de las brechas sociales preexistentes. En esta investigación analizamos las relaciones de diferentes facetas de clase social con el bienestar y afectividad general a lo largo de un total de 8 países de la región cultural iberoamericana. Asimismo, también pusimos a prueba el potencial rol mediador del riesgo percibido relativo a la COVID-19 y de la eficacia colectiva percibida. Los resultados obtenidos (a) revelaron que una clase social más baja se relacionó con un menor bienestar y afecto positivo, así como con un mayor afecto negativo; (b) confirmaron que la clase social subjetiva constituye un mejor predictor del bienestar y afectividad general que el nivel educativo (i.e., indicador de clase social objetiva); y (c) mostraron que los efectos de la clase social subjetiva en el bienestar/afectividad general se daban de forma indirecta a través del riesgo percibido y la eficacia colectiva. Estos hallazgos confirman la existencia de diferencias en bienestar y afectividad general en función de la clase social durante la pandemia, al tiempo que permiten avanzar en la comprensión de los mecanismos psicosociales subyacentes.
Bibliographische Referenzen
- Adler, N. E., Epel, E. S., Castellazzo, G., & Ickovics, J. R. (2000). Relationship of subjective and objective social status with psychological and physiological functioning: Preliminary data in healthy white women. Health Psychology, 19, 586–592. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.19.6.586
- Alonso-Ferres, M., Navarro-Carrillo, G., Garrido-Macías, M., Moreno-Bella, E., & Valor-Segura, I. (2020). Connecting perceived economic threat and prosocial tendencies: The explanatory role of empathic concern. Plos One, 15, e0232608. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232608
- Afridi, L., & Block, L. (2020). Frontline communities hit hardest by COVID-19. Association for Neighborhood & Housing Development. Recuperado de: https://anhd.org/blog/frontline-communities-hit-hardest-COVID-19
- Bagci, S. C., & Canpolat, E. (2020). Group efficacy as a moderator on the associations between perceived discrimination, acculturation orientations, and psychological well‐being. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 30, 45–58. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2421
- Becker, J. C., Kraus, M. W., & Rheinschmidt-Same, M. (2017). Cultural expressions of social class and their implications for ingroup-related beliefs and behaviors. Journal of Social Issues, 73, 158–174. https://doi.org/10.1111/josi.12209
- Blow, C. M. (2020). Social distancing is a privilege: The idea that this virus is an equal-opportunity killer must itself be killed. The New York Times. Recuperado de: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/05/opinion/coronavirus-social-distancing.html
- Boyce, C. J., Brown, G. D. A., & Moore, S. C. (2010). Money and happiness: Rank of income, not income, affects life satisfaction. Psychological Science, 21, 471–475. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797610362671
- Boyce, C. J., Delaney, L., & Wood, A. M. (2018). The Great Recession and subjective well-being: How did the life satisfaction of people living in the United Kingdom change following the financial crisis? Plos One, 13(8), e0201215. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201215
- Cundiff, J. M., & Matthews, K. A. (2017). Is subjective social status a unique correlate of physical health? A meta-analysis. Health Psychology, 36, 1109–1125. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000534
- Diener, E., Ng, W., Harter, J., & Arora, R. (2010). Wealth and happiness across the world: material prosperity predicts life evaluation, whereas psychosocial prosperity predicts positive feeling. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99, 52–61. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018066
- Diener, E., & Oishi, S. (2000). Money and happiness: Income and subjective well-being across nations. En E.Diener & E. M.Suh (Eds.), Culture and subjective well-being (pp. 185–218). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
- Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E. (2003). Personality, culture, and subjective well-being: Emotional and cognitive evaluations of life. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 403–425. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145056
- Eom, K., Kim, H. S., & Sherman, D. K. (2018). Social class, control, and action: Socioeconomic status differences in antecedents of support for pro-environmental action. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 77, 60–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2018.03.009
- Fredrickson, B. L. (2009). Positivity. New York: Three Rivers Press.
- Goldberg, D.P., & Williams P. (1988). A user’s guide to the General Health Questionnaire. UK: NFER-NELSON.
- Gratius, S. (2014). La Cumbre Iberoamericana de Salamanca: ¿de una comunidad cultural a una alianza política? IBEROAMERICANA. América Latina - España - Portugal, 6, 171–176. https://doi.org/10.18441/ibam.6.2006.21.171-176.
- Han, Q., Zheng, B., Agostini, M., Belanger, J. J., Gutzkow, B., Kreienkamp, J., ... & Leander, N. P. (2021). Associations of risk perception of COVID-19 with emotion and mental health during the pandemic. Journal of Affective Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.049
- Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
- Hipp, J. R. (2016). Collective efficacy: How is it conceptualized, how is it measured, and does it really matter for understanding perceived neighborhood crime and disorder? Journal of Criminal Justice, 46, 32–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2016.02.016
- Kahn, J. H. 2011. Multilevel modeling: Overview and applications to research in counseling psychology. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58, 257–271.
- Kraus, M. W., Piff, P., & Keltner, D. (2009). Social class, sense of control, and social explanation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97, 992–1004. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016357
- Kraus, M. W., Piff, P. K., Mendoza-Denton, R., Rheinschmidt, M. L., & Keltner, D. (2012). Social class, solipsism, and contextualism: How the rich are different from the poor. Psychological Review, 119, 546–572. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028756
- Lachman, M. E., & Weaver, S. L. (1998). The sense of control as a moderator of social class differences in health and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 763–773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.3.763
- Manstead, A. S. (2018). The psychology of social class: How socioeconomic status impacts thought, feelings, and behaviour. British Journal of Social Psychology, 57, 267–291. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12251
- Moya, M., & Fiske, S. T. (2017). The social psychology of the great recession and social class divides. Journal of Social Issues, 73, 8–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/josi.12201
- Navarro-Carrillo, G., Alonso-Ferres, M., Moya, M., & Valor-Segura, I. (2020). Socioeconomic status and psychological well-being: Revisiting the role of subjective socioeconomic status. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1303. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01303
- Navarro-Carrillo, G., Valor-Segura, I., & Moya, M. (2019). The consequences of the perceived impact of the Spanish economic crisis on subjective well-being: The explanatory role of personal uncertainty. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00506-4
- Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) (2020). Recuperado de: https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020 (31 de enero, 2021).
- Pons-Valls, E. (2020). Covid-19, un virus que sí entiende de clases sociales, como todos. Público. Recuperado de: https://www.publico.es/sociedad/coronavirus-covid-19-virus-entiende-clases-sociales.html
- Richard, F. D., Bond, C. F., Jr., & Stokes-Zoota, J. J. (2003). One hundred years of social psychology quantitatively described. Review of General Psychology, 7, 331–363. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.7.4.331
- Rocha, K. B., Pérez, K., Rodríguez-Sanz, M., Borrell, C., & Obiols, J. E. (2011). Propiedades psicométricas y valores normativos del General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) en población general española. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 11, 125–139.
- Rodríguez-Bailón, R. (2020). Inequality viewed through the mirror of COVID-19 (La desigualdad ante el espejo del COVID-19). International Journal of Social Psychology, 35, 647–655. https://doi.org/10.1080/02134748.2020.1796298
- Snibbe, A. C., & Markus, H. R. (2005). You can't always get what you want: educational attainment, agency, and choice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88, 703–720. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.88.4.703
- Tan, J. J. X., Kraus, M. W., Carpenter, N. C., & Adler, N. E. (2020). The association between objective and subjective socioeconomic status and subjective well-being: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 146, 970–1020. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000258
- Yu, S. Y., & Blader, S. L. (2020). Why does social class affect subjective well-being? The role of status and power. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 46, 331–348. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167219853841
- Wanberg, C. R., Csillag, B., Douglass, R. P., Zhou, L., & Pollard, M. S. (2020). Socioeconomic status and well-being during COVID-19: A resource-based examination. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105, 1382–1396. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000831
- Zell, E., Strickhouser, J. E., & Krizan, Z. (2018). Subjective social status and health: A meta-analysis of community and society ladders. Health Psychology, 37, 979–987. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000667
Los documentos del portal se actualizan diariamente. Esta fecha hace referencia a la actualización de la información relacionada con la estructura del portal (personas, grupos de investigación, unidades organizativas, proyectos...).